Non-Plagiarism Pattern: Proper Paraphrase
Definition
A proper paraphrase summarizes another author's ideas and includes both the in-text citation and the reference.
Original Source Material: Five first principles are elaborated: (a) Learning is promoted when learners are engaged in solving real-world problems. (b) Learning is promoted when existing knowledge is activated as a foundation for new knowledge. (c) Learning is promoted when new knowledge is demonstrated to the learner. (d) Learning is promoted when new knowledge is applied by the learner. (e) Learning is promoted when new knowledge is integrated into the learner’s world. Reference Merrill, M. D. (2002). First principles of instruction. Educational Technology Research and Development, 50(3), 43-59. |
Student Version: Merrill (2002) claims that learning is promoted when first principles of instruction are implemented. Students should solve authentic problems, arranged from simple to complex. Reference Merrill, M. D. (2002). First principles of instruction. Educational Technology Research and Development, 50(3), 43-59.
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For a Certification Test item that is similar to this pattern, the correct answer is:
| Word-for-word plagiarism | |
| Paraphrasing plagiarism | |
| Not plagiarism |
| Explanation: | Correct Version: Not plagiarized |
|---|---|
The student version is not plagiarism. Merrill's ideas are paraphrased properly, since the in-text citation with the author and date, and reference are included. No word-for-word plagiarism is present. |
Merrill (2002) claims that learning is promoted when first principles of instruction are implemented. Students should solve authentic problems, arranged from simple to complex. Reference Merrill, M. D. (2002). First principles of instruction. Educational Technology Research and Development, 50(3), 43-59. |
See full list of plagiarism patterns.