How to Recognize Plagiarism:
Tutorials and Tests

Original Source Material:

Five first principles are elaborated: (a) Learning is promoted when learners are engaged in solving real-world problems. (b) Learning is promoted when existing knowledge is activated as a foundation for new knowledge. (c) Learning is promoted when new knowledge is demonstrated to the learner. (d) Learning is promoted when new knowledge is applied by the learner. (e) Learning is promoted when new knowledge is integrated into the learner’s world.

Reference

Merrill, M. D. (2002). First principles of instruction. Educational Technology Research and Development, 50(3), 43-59.

Student Version:

Learning is promoted when learners are engaged in solving real-world problems, existing knowledge is activated as a foundation for new knowledge, new knowledge is demonstrated to the learner, new knowledge is applied by the learner, and when new knowledge is integrated into the learner’s world.

The student version is word-for-word plagiarism because seven or more words are copied from the source, there are no quotation marks, there is no full in-text citation with the author, date, and locator, and there is no reference.

Merrill (2002) claims that "learning is promoted when learners are engaged in solving real-world problems, ... existing knowledge is activated as a foundation for new knowledge, ... new knowledge is demonstrated to the learner, ... new knowledge is applied by the learner, and ... when new knowledge is integrated into the learner’s world" (p. 43).

Reference

Merrill, M. D. (2002). First principles of instruction. Educational Technology Research and Development, 50(3), 43-59.